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(No Model.) v r 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. BISHOP.

SLED. I 'No. 511,192. Patented Dec. 19, 1893.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. BISHOP.

SLED

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No. 511,192. Patenteil Dec. 19, 1893.

E g (ma QVvinesflei 'NITED STATES PATENT anion.

GEORGE BISHOP, OF BRULE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR OF ONEJ-IALE TO UPTON BELL, OF SAME PLACE.

SLED.

.SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,192, dated December 19, 1893.

Application filed May 8; 1893- Seiial No. 473,396. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown. that I, GEORGE BISHOP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brule, in the county of Douglas and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Sleds; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to sleds; and has for its object to provide certain improvements, with a view of rendering the sled more eflicient and durable.

To this end my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described and definedin the claims.

Myinvention is illustrated in the following drawings, wherein, like letters referring" to like parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a plan View of a pair of bobs or double sled. Fig. 2 is a right side elevation of the forward sled, some parts being broken away. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same, some parts being broken away. Fig. .4 is a detail in cross section on the line a a" of Fig. 1, looking toward the rear, and Figs. 5 and 6 are details in plan and side elevation, respect 'ively, showing the goose neck detached.

a, a, ct, a, represent the runners of the front andrear bobs respectively. These runners, instead of being made of wood, as has hitherto been the practice, are made of steel, for the purpose of strength and durability.- All of the runners proper, are provided with shoes, a removably secured by nuts and bolts, a or otherwise to the bottoms of the runners. Each of the runners is provided on its raised or knee portion, 04*, with a concave seat, of", fora convex cross beam, 7). This cross beam is also made of metal, preferably of steel, and is located with its ends resting in the seats, of; and is secured therein, with freedom for a rocking or rolling motion, .to the sled runners, by bolts and nuts I), carried by the beam, and working in longitudinal slots, a through the seats, a of the sled runners. The beam 19, is braced at each end by a brace iron, cl, bolted as shown at d, to the sled runner, and working through a slot,

11 in the beam, 1). This slot, 12 is sufficiently large to permit the necessary play of the brace iron, d, under the rocking motion of the sled runner, with respect to the cross beam, b; and the brace iron, (Z, has an angularly extended. head, (P, which engages with the top of the beam, and holds the sled runner from lateral or spreading movement, with respect to the cross beam, 1). The cross beam, 11, is provided with a central hole, 13 for the king-b olt e of the body or load carrying bolster, e

The rear bob of the sled is connected to the front bob by cross chains, f, united at their forward ends to the front member of the cross beams, b, and at their rear ends, to the for Ward ends of the runners of the rear bobs. The connection of the rearbob runners, is effected by eye-links, f engaging a cross rod, f connecting the sled runners, a, and spaced apart by a hollow (gas) pipe, f

g is the pole for the draft animals, secured by a clamping iron or clevis, g, to a hollow pipe, 9 mounted on a cross rod, 9 connecting the forward ends of the runners, a, of the front bob. 1

The tongue, g, is braced by spreader or stay irons, g bolted to the tongue, and having eyes, g engaging the cross rod, g and spaced apart from each other by the pipe, g This construction gives good support to the tongue, with freedom for the necessary pivotal movement of the same.

The double tree or evener, h, for the attachment of the draft animals, is applied, not directly to the tongue, but indirectly through a goose-neck coupling, 72., connected to the tongue by a headed bolt, h working through a bolt hole in the tongue and a longitudinal slot, h of the goose-neck h. The forward end, or hook of the goose-neck is connected by an ordinary clevis, or open ring, 7?, or otherwise to the double tree, 72. The rear end, or hook of the goose-neck, is connected to a central eye link, h ofa pair of draft chains, 12 are connected to the runners, as shown at h at points back of the curved or rising portions of the runners. The purpose and efiect of this construction, is to give the most advantageous application of the draft. Hitherto,

The rear ends of these draft chains, 72,

so far as I am aware, the double tree has been attached directly to the tongue, and the tongue to the highest part of the front ends of the sled runners. The effect of that arrangement was to give a downward draft on the sled. Hence, on meeting an obstruction, the draft would tend to pull down the sled, and block the same against the obstruction. With my construction, inasmuch as the goose-neck, h, is free to slide on the tongue, the draft is applied directly to the runners, at points near their bearing surfaces on the ground. Hence,

, the tendency of the draft is to lift the forward endsof the runners, and assist the'sled in mounting and riding over any obstructions Which it may meet. In handling very heavy loads, this is a very. material advantage.

The fact that the cross beams, 12, are con- Vex, is a further point of important advantage in assisting the sled to rise over large obstructions. Suppose, for example, that the sled is made to straddle a stone or stump, which turns out to be sufficiently high to strike the convex surface of the cross beams, the result would be that the cross beams will rock, and on account of their strength and their convex surfaces, will ride over the stone or stump without stopping, or seriously injuring the sled.

The particular way, hitherto described, in

which the cross beams, b, are secured and braced together with the sled runners, is another import-ant feature of my invention.

In addition to these special features already noted, the fact that all the parts are nade of metal, preferably of steel, renders the sled very strong and durable. It should also be noted, as already intimated, that the sled runner and the rising portions, a or sled knees, are formed integral with each other. The effect of this construction is to render the sled runner and sled knee extremely strong and durable, and is, in every way, a better construction, than where the runners and knees are constructed in separate pieces.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

1. In a sled, the combination with the integrally formed metallic runners and knees, of the metallic cross beam, having its under surface of convex form throughout its entire length, the ends of said beam, being located in concave seats on the knees, and secured thereto with freedom for a limited rocking motion of the runners or beam with respect to each other, substantially as described.

2. The combination with the sled. runners and knees, of the cross beam loosely seated of the pair of draft in the knees, and connected thereto, with freedom for a limited rocking motion, and braces" secured at their lower ends, to the runners, and having their upper ends working through slots in the beam, and engaging with the top surface of the same; whereby the runners are prevented from spreading, while, at the same time, they are permitted a limited rocking motion, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the metallic sled runners, of the metallic knees, ct, formed integral with the runners, and having the con: cave beam seats, 0 and the slots, a the cross beam, 1), of convex form on its under surface, resting with its ends in said seats, the headed bolts, 1), carried by the beam, b, and engaging said slots, a and the brace irons, cl, secured to the runners, with their upper ends working through the slots, W, of the beam, and provided with the angular extensions, cZ engaging with the top surface of the beam, substantially as described.

4. In a sled, the combination with a pole pivoted to the upturned heads of the runners, chains connected one to each of the runners near the ground bearing surfaces of the same, and a draft coupling, for connecting said chains to the double tree or evener, carried and guided by the pole, with freedom for alongitudinal sliding movement thereon, substantially as described.

5. In a sled, the combination with the pole pivoted to the upturned heads of the runners, of the pair of draft chains connected one to each of the runners near the ground bearing surface of the same, and the gooseneck coupling device, for connecting the said chains to the double tree, secured by a bolt passed through a perforation in the tongue and a longitudinal slot in said goose-necked coupling, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the sled runners of the pole, g, the clampingiron or clevis, g, the pipe, 9 the cross rod, 7L3, stay irons, 9 double tree, It, goose-neck, h, having headed bolts, 71 engaging the slot, 77. in the pole, g, the clevis, or open ring, h, the eye link, 72 and the chain, it, connected to the sled runners at If, the said parts being arranged and operating, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE 5 BISHOP.

. mark Witnesses:

UPToN BELL,

JAs. F. WILLIAMSON. 

